Cj 499-01 Unit 3 Crime Scenario Analysis - 1733 Words

Unit Three Assignment James Norris Kaplan University CJ499-01 Professor Johnson January 26, 2016 Scenario: Police Officer Jones, in full uniform, was walking the midnight shift in a high-crime area at approximately 2:00 AM and is approached by a civilian who told Officer Jones she had been robbed and beaten by someone wearing a red shirt and white pants. The victim’s shirt was blood soaked from a severe laceration to her head and lip. She said the perpetrator was wearing a ski mask so she was unable to determine the gender/sex of the individual, as well as the race/ethnicity. However, she was able to inform Officer Jones that the perpetrator was approximately 5’8† tall and had a gun. The perpetrator stole her wallet and was†¦show more content†¦Even though these crimes were predicated on false information, it is information the officer was provided with that lead to the inception of the use of force (Revised Code of Washington, 2016). The actual crimes committed are Violation of the Uniform Controlled Substance Act (VUCSA) with Intent to Deliver RCW 69.50.401, Making a False or Misleading Statement to a Public Servant RCW 9A.76.175, and either assault III or IV with a Domestic Violence (DV) identifier, again dependent upon the extent of injury and how â€Å"severe† the laceration. One could also argue for a charge of Obstructing a Law Enforcement Officer RCW 9A.76.020 (Revised Code of Washington, 2016). A possible civil action stemming from the provided scenario would arise as a violation of the suspect’s Fourth Amendment right against unreasonable search and seizure. Most lawsuits of violations of a subject’s Fourth Amendment rights are against unreasonable search, seizure and any use of force is properly analyzed as a seizure (U.S. Code, 1983). The Supreme Court has stated that the calculus of the propriety of an officer’s use of force must include the fact that officers are often forced to make split-second decisions in circumstances that are tense, uncertain and rapidly evolving. Officers who use force in the street are judged under the Objective Reasonableness

What is History Essay - 792 Words

What is History? The definition of history, is a question which has sparked international debate for centuries between the writers, readers, and the makers of history. In the words of acclaimed historian Edward Gibbon, History is indeed little more than the register of the crimes, follies and misfortunes of mankind. A more romantic view on the subject was taken by Cicero. He said, History is the witness that testifies the passing of time. It illuminates reality, vitalizes memory, provides guidance of daily life and brings us tidings of antiquity History, described in the simplest of terms, can be seen as a record of events that have occurred in the past that the historian has taken the trouble to document. It is the†¦show more content†¦There is of course the argument, that even primary source evidence can be somewhat tainted. Propaganda by rulers and governments has been used a major tool to promote popularity amongst their people. For example, in Russia at the turn of the century w riters who wrote critically about the internal affairs of government were censured, persecuted and sometimes imprisoned or executed. In 1537 to 1574, The massive censorship exercised by Cosimo I de’ Medici of Florence precipitated a decline in historiography in Florence. The extreme wealth and power of the Medici family extended even further into the art of the Renaissance period and their depiction was prevalent as saintly figures in the works of these artists. Fear of persecution could drive an otherwise intelligent scholar to be biased and one sided. Even today bias and prejudice is apparent in the accounting of daily events in newspapers and television. The events revealed to the public are those which the editor or director chooses to be relevant. The Daily Telegraph for example, is widely perceived as being supportive of the Tories. In the world of films we never read ‘this is a true story’ in the credits but that it is ‘based on a true storyâ⠂¬â„¢. The director, has used artistic licence to inject either a romantic orShow MoreRelatedWhat Is History?3198 Words   |  13 Pagesat pagsama-samahin ito para makabuo ng tala ng kasaysayan. Si Thucydides naman ay nagsasagawa ng mga panayam sa mga taong may kinalaman sa pangyayari. Ngayon, para pag-aralan ang kasaysayan, ang historyador ay naghahanap ng ebidensya ukol sa history, pag-aaralan and ebidensya na ito, unawain ang epekto ng ebidensya na ito sa kasaysayan ng pinag-aaralan. 4. Kailan naging disiplina ang kasaysayan? Noong panahon nila Herodotus, historyador and tawag sa kanila dahil ang pagsulat ng kasaysayanRead MoreWhat Is Social History?1504 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is Social History? Take 2 Social History is a vast term that very closely ties into the concept of history as a whole. The use of social history is necessary when it comes to fully understanding the past. Many nonfiction books and movies carry the essence of social history to give the viewers a deeper perspective of major issues. Social history is the use of personal stories that shed light on dominant issues by building public awareness. The Devil in the White City by Erik Larson uses personalRead MoreWhat Is The History Of An Essay869 Words   |  4 Pagestopic that it is talking about. The website lists the important events from beginning to end and it includes more information about them as you continue to read. The larger site has a similar setup and it can be used to search many other similar history topics. They give a selection of topics starting in 1630 to some of the most recent historical events. Most of the content is going to be used to get information about a specific time period and learning about important information and details aboutRead MoreWhat Is The History Of Immigration, And What Type Of Challenges1680 Words   |  7 Pages What is the history of immigration, and what type of challenges are these immigrants currently facing regarding immigration laws, prejudice, and diversity; as well as what have these immigrants done to contribute to our society. Therefore, let’s begin with a bit of history about immigration, immigration began at a time in history called the colonial era, in the midst of the 1800’s through that of the mid 1920’s, these immigrants came to America in search for a better life for themselves and theirRead MoreWhat to Do with a Ba in History1395 Words   |  6 Pagesthe word â€Å"college†, what comes to mind? For most of you, you probably immediately think of partying, drinking, and meeting new people. Those who choose to go to college will have the opportunity to experience the social life, but what you choose to study can control your future. In â€Å"How to Get a Real Education at College† by Scott Adams and â€Å"What Do You Do with a B.A. in His tory† by Ken Saxon, they agree that college is worth going to but they have different outlooks on what to do with that collegeRead MoreWhat Is Your History With Journalism?1008 Words   |  5 PagesQ To begin with, what is your history with journalism? A I began working on my high school newspaper 2 or 3 years before graduation. I was a journalism major as an undergraduate in college. I worked for a couple of newspaper during my college years. I went into the Navy after I graduated from college. Most of my time spent in the Navy was working on All Hands Magazine, which is the Navy’s personal publication. And I was freelancing for different newspapers at that point. When I got out of the NavyRead MoreWhat Is The History Of Vietnamese Migration?960 Words   |  4 PagesSGP Draft 1 What is the history of Vietnamese migration? The migration of Vietnamese to Australia is relatively recent and has occurred in the last 40 years. The migration can be categorized into three periods: 1. Pre-1975 2. Refugee resettlement during 1975-1985 3. Family reunion Before 1975, not many Vietnamese migrated to Australia. In 1958, due to the Colombo Plan, Vietnamese students started to arrive in Australia to study at universities. However, after finishing their courses, most of theRead MoreWhat Is The History Of Folk Medicine?1204 Words   |  5 PagesHistory: Nepal’s history of folk medicine that are based in supernatural causes of illnesses like demons and evil spirits hampered the development of a proper health care delivery network. Most often, a medicine man or jhankri is the sole source of medical care available. Since the 1980s Nepal progressed in health care,but facilities are inadequate in meeting the population’s needs (â€Å"Nepal Health Care Facilities,† n.d.). In addition, the unavailability of modern health care and a general lack ofRead MoreWhat Is History In Making Essay1107 Words   |  5 Pages History In the Making In my relatively few years of living on this planet, I have learned plenty. How to walk, talk, read, skate, water ski, drive and the list continues to grow and evolve. But, I know this is nothing compared to the amount I will one day know and I often forget this when taking on new challenges and opportunities. Even now, I sometimes finding myself wishing I could go back and tell myself what I know now. Growing up is part and parcel of learning, but what I learnedRead MoreWhat Has Changed World History1724 Words   |  7 PagesWhat has changed world history the most? Agriculture, the ancient Greeks, social inequality? None of these come close to the thing that has changed human history the most. Humans drove Neanderthals to their extinction, which contributed to the rise of human hegemony. Anything that has happened in human history was allowed to happen because of Neanderthal extinction. Humans have been around since about 200,000 years ago, and so have Neanderthals. But, humans were made differently than Neanderthals

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Causes and Effects of Capital Punishment Essay - 1922 Words

Capital punishment, or otherwise known as the death penalty, is death sentenced upon a person by the state as a punishment for a crime. These crimes are known as capital crimes or capital offenses. Capital punishment has been practiced in many societies; now 58 nations practice the death penalty, while 97 nations have abolished it. In the past, it was common for the ruling party to make the offender known throughout the community for his or her criminal act. Thus, if the community were made aware of the consequences for breaking the laws, the crime rate would reduce. Such criminal penalties included: boiling to death, disembowelment, crucifixion and many more. As time went on the movement towards more humane treatments took hold. In the†¦show more content†¦Since I have watched many movies and TV shows that involve death row inmates, I figured that through this essay I would be able to gain a solid understanding of this issue in today’s society. I began my research by trying to answer the question, â€Å"How does capital punishment affect society today?† I then realized that this question was too broad and then decided to break it up into three issues. Does capital punishment deter murder, does it go against human rights, thus making us uncivil, and does it led to the wrongful executions of innocent persons. All of these issues are important but to write an effective essay I would have to choose one of these issues. I believe that my sources are efficient at clearly stating the issue at hand and bringing forth an unbiased viewpoint. My sources provide an understanding of the issue â€Å"Does capital punishment deter murder?†. In order for someone to answer this question, he or she would have to at least comprehend the different sides of the issue. The three sides or perspectives that I believe would help include: yes - capital punishment deters murder rates, no – capital punishment doesn’t deter murder rates, and no à ¢â‚¬â€œ capital punishment encourages the taking of life. I believe that these questions will be able to better educate anyone who is unfamiliar with capital punishment and the effects it has on society. Since this topic is so widely debated across the world, there will be many different viewpoints but only three willShow MoreRelatedArguing Against Capital Punishment1591 Words   |  7 Pagesdebate over capital punishment, the opponents argue that capital punishment should not be practiced because it has a civilizing effect and practicing capital punishment has do deterrent effect. On the other side of the debate, the supporters argue that capital punishment should not be abolished because it is just retribution and has a deterrent effect. In this paper, I will argue that capital punishment should not be practiced. In the article titled, â€Å"The Folly of Capital Punishment,† Jeffrey ReimanRead MoreContemporary Political Statement1241 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch design. For example, the topic capital punishment and its relationship with age are designed to discover whether age correlates with electing harsh punishments for crimes. The preliminary hypothesis that aged people are more likely to support capital punishment than the younger generation is crucial to defining the relationship between variables. That is, the independent variable age affects the dependent variable the support for capital punishment. In this way, the conclusiveness of theRead MoreThe Canadian Justice System And Capital Punishment1713 Words   |  7 Pagesjustice system in its views on capital punishment. Two men, Arthur Lucas, and Ronald Turpin was to be executed in Canada for committing crimes. Both had been accused of committing murder, Lucas for killing an officer while fleeing a robbery and Turpin for murdering an undercover narcotics officer. Both were hanged back to back at midnight and buried side by side with no marking on their graves. Lucas and Turpin were the last to be executed under capital punishment and since then Canada has stoppedRead MoreEssay on Capital Punishment1483 Words   |  6 Pages Capital Punishment Capital punishment is a very controversial subject in today’s world. People should think about what will happen to them if they commit a crime, and the consequences that will follow the crime. Society has enough problems to deal with without people committing crimes, Therefore capital punishment is desperately needed. Above all else, it costs too much of hard working taxpayers’ dollars to send someone to prison. It costs a large amount of money each year to keep a person inRead MorePersuasive Essay for Pro Capital Punishment1283 Words   |  6 PagesWhy Capital Punishment Should Remain in Effect Stefanie Ridgway DeVry University, ENGL 112 Professor Adams April 19, 2010 Capital punishment, otherwise known as the death penalty, has been effective tool in our country’s justice system since its inception. When an inmate is given this, the harshest sentence available, it is always with just cause. Capital Punishment is an important tool in our criminal justice system today and there are several reasons it should remain in effect. Read MoreCapital Punishment Results in a Better Society Essay795 Words   |  4 PagesCapital Punishment Results in a Better Society When it comes to capital punishment most people think of the death penalty. I dont think people realize how many papers, books, and controversies there is over this topic. One of the many questions that arise when people think about capital punishment is how it affects crime, and more importantly, if we use the death penalty more effectively, it not only becomes a deterrent to crime, but also brings about a better society. When we use theRead MoreShould Capital Punishment Be Allowed?1376 Words   |  6 Pagesforty-years, 1,421 executions have been conducted by thirty-one states and the federal government under the capital punishment sentence (â€Å"Facts About the Death Penalty†). Throughout those years however, controversial opinions have aroused on whether the capital punishment should be permitted, its success on reflecting a deterrent effect, and even its morality. Although it is often argued that Capital punishment is appropriate when the crime reaches an egregious extent, the revocation of constitutional securitiesRead MoreCapital Punishment And Its Effect On Society1425 Words   |  6 PagesCapital Punishment has been a topic of debate since it was reinstated in 1976. Some say that in a free society, capital punishment is an unnecessary form of cruel and unusual punishment in violation of our constitution. Others claim that capital punishment serves the primary purpose of deterring cri me and punishing society’s most homicidal offenders. The biggest question when it comes to capital punishment is, is it worth it? Does Capital punishment have a deterrent effect on society? Or does itRead MoreA Summary On Capital Punishment1345 Words   |  6 PagesSean Starosta Mr. Cobb American Literature May 26, 2015 Capital Punishment In 1939 Joe Arridy was convicted and executed for the 1936 rape and murder of a Pueblo Colorado schoolgirl despite serious doubts over his competence and guilt. Fast forward seventy two years and capital punishment is at its lowest rate in years, murder rates are at some of the lowest levels on record (Johnson). and Colorado governor Bill Ritter grants Arridy an unconditional pardon based on an â€Å"overwhelming body of evidence†Read MoreCapital Panishment1230 Words   |  5 PagesCapital punishment became a controversial issue lately, and it is a big debate in the world. The debate of capital punishment has two sides: the people who argue in favour of capital punishment and the people who argue against capital punishment. The most compelling arguments against capital punishment can be made on the basis of it doesn’t reduce crime, risks executions of innocent people, inflicted disproportionately on the poor and targeting people of colour (racist), persons who commi t vicious

Media Celebrities Free Essays

Coming from a Latin word celeber, the word celebrity means a person widely recognised by the public and the media, person who through his command in the public creates media attention and is widely covered. One of prerequisite of a person being celebrity is fame, but that has to be associated with the media attention. Mass communication play a vital role in making someone celebrity as the person can be famous and well known but if the media is not piqued by that person, then the person cannot reach the celebrity level. We will write a custom essay sample on Media: Celebrities or any similar topic only for you Order Now People become celebrities in accordance to their professions, what they do to the public; this can be politicians or Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of certain large organisations such as Bill Gates, who stepped out of it few months ago, but still a celebrity. Celebrities to be in that status with the help of media are being known across the world, meaning can be famous not only in their countries but even outside their countries, and this category caters especially to the politicians and actors and actresses. Religious leaders example Bishop Desmond Tutu for his involvement in freedom fight in South Africa and cultural leaders such as Dalai Lama of China for his outstanding performance in fighting for the rights of Tibet people; these people can be famous not only in their countries but not abroad due to their extensive coverage in the media. Excellence in sports also can make people famous not only in their countries but even worldwide such as Serena and Venus Williams are known globally due to their excellent performance in Tennis sport. Apart from sports, some people become celebrated due to their nature of their professions especially the highly paid ones which make them in contact with the media in most of their work schedules. These include people in the media presenters who are highly paid and well respected due to their exceptional work to the public, interior decorators, movie producers and sports coaches to mention a few who have caught the media attention and have been covered in mass entertainment. Some people become celebrities due to their family backgrounds, especially if some member of family were and are celebrities. This is found mostly in families engaged in music and movies industries like Jacksons, Winans and Osbournes while for politician families we can say Bushes, Clinton and Kennedys in United States of America (USA). Nevertheless, in accordance with the definition of celebrity that is something that has to be commanded by a person both in public and through the media, most of people must asking themselves how these people have earned the celebrity title. Due to this some scholars did start studying this celebrity phenomenon, by looking at the celebrity characteristics, psychology and even the interaction with the members of public, which makes people sometimes get too carried away with the celebrity worship. In America the number of people worshipping celebrities keeps on going up which has even affected people psychologically. Famously the syndrome now is known as celebrity-worship syndrome (CWS), the term invented by media but psychologists call it Celebrity Worship Scale (WCS). This situation has made people to look closely to the whole issue of celebrity, its attachment with the society and how people are reacting to it. Why people acting they way they do to the point of stalking celebrities. In survey conducted in USA, more people are affected by CWS which has led to people seek psychological help as Kate Douglas portrayed in her article when you wish upon a star, â€Å"Psychologists are starting to suspect that worshipping celebrities is the top of a slippery slope that leads to depression, anxiety and psychosis.† (Douglas Kate, When you wish upon a star, 2003). The effect is not only to the celebrities themselves, but the public also get affected by the whole issue of celebrity. Most of people wishing to be stars so as to be treated like star especially due to the media coverage these people get. Studying celebrity academically can help the society understand both parts that means celebrities themselves and the public which is affected by the concept of celebrity. The effect is much grave especially to the adolescents who spend most of their time wishing to be star, having cuttings and pictures of stars in their rooms and things they possess. Yes teenagers can think about celebrities as it is bring sense of social attachment, but not that excessively which affect the way of thinking of these teenagers or even adult for that matter which sometimes experience difficulties when encountered with problems. The effect if not dealt with early leads to more effects such as disorder to the worshipers like stalking celebrities or disillusion stalker gets that celebrity is love with him/her. The situation apart from stalking stars and celebrities, some of fans are copying what these celebrities are doing even if are bad things. This condition has sparked a lot of academics into researching the issue of celebrity and looking deeply for its effects to the society. An example that can be used here is the case of John Warnock Hinckley, Jr. who stalked Judie Foster after watching the Taxi Driver movie. He was seeking Judie’s attention to the point of following her to another state, the situation led into Hinckley attempting to assassinate President Ronald Regan in 1981 so as to catch Judie’s attention. He was later charged but found not guilty on basis of insanity and admitted at Saint Elizabeth in Washington DC. With experience like this studying celebrity should be taken into account as to understand psychological effects that associate with celebrities. The effect does not end to the fans only, but celebrities too are affected by the whole idea of being celebrity. Celebrities sometimes are also affected with the way society take them, their image and sometimes they are supposed to do things which is not in their heart simply because they have to comply with public especially in maintaining good image. The good image does not necessarily be the star image but sometimes can be the image of the organisations they are representing. This notion tend to make celebrities pretend sometimes especially in front of members of media and photographers. In his book The Image (1961), historian Daniel Boorstin criticised the way American society was living where it was heading concerning public image. The image that keeps on being fabricated and staged by the influential people especially politicians, movie stars and other celebrities. â€Å"Just as there were now counterfeit events, so, he said, there were also counterfeit people – celebrities – whose identities were being staged and scripted, to create illusions that often had no relationship to any underlying reality.† (Boorstin Daniel, The Image, 1961). The tendency, which has forced some of celebrities to get depressed and frustrated, hence seeking medical help which has led to some psychologists researching into the matter. The good example here can be referred to an icon which has made history in Hollywood, Marilyn Monroe who died by overdose from drugs. Marilyn was under chronic depression which made be constant contact with psychologists but later she paid with her life. Though not most of celebrities in movie industry die by overdosing themselves, but most of them undergo depression, which later on lead into drug addictions. Not only movie superstars experience the other side of the coin, which is depression even politicians and other celebrities do. The good example being Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865), the President of America in 1800s has also underwent severe depression too which was claimed to be associated with a horse blow he got when he was 10 years of age, while it sometimes associated with the death of his first love and mother. The only therapy in those days was through churches in Christian moral treatment but Lincoln managed to overcome his depression by engaging himself in politics which later on he become a well respected one. Despite the fact that movie icons get into addictions, not all celebrities are like that as there is difference between these two categories. Film star is the one that get his/her stardom due to the participation in movie industry but celebrities can be from any field apart from film industry. Taking examples of film stars the list is long from Tom Cruise, Will Smith, Judie Foster, Meg Ryan and Nicholas Cage to mention a few. In conclusion, it is worthy studying celebrity issues, as it is the only way of understanding the interactions between celebrities and their surroundings, the people they mingle with, how they maintain their personalities and images to the public. Many celebrities are being used to advertise products such as David Beckham, Roberto Carlos and others like Christina Aguilera in Pepsi advert. This advertising involves media and through that people tend to question the authenticity of the products displayed, hence lead to more research on them. Apart from advertisements, studies can be done to the people around celebrities, how are they interacting with them and what effects do they get, but all in all it is worthy a study. Reference: Boorstin Daniel, The Image: A Guide to Pseudo-Events in America, 1961 Douglas Kate, When you wish upon a star, Newscientist, issue 2408, August 2003 www.mindhacks.com/blog/2006/08/star_struck.html How to cite Media: Celebrities, Essay examples

Motivation Analysis Essay Example For Students

Motivation Analysis Essay Motivation is the willingness to exert high levels of effort toward organizational goals, conditioned by the efforts ability to satisfy some individual needs (Robbins, 168). For some business analysts, employee motivation is a good way to increase productivity in an organization. When people get motivated, they will have a reason to put more efforts on what they are doing. Motivation is a crucial management tool in lifting the organizations work forces ability. There are many different ways to motivate employees. Employers can motivate their workers as individuals, groups, teams, or the organization as a whole. Motivation takes forms like offering rewards, improving working conditions, or employee recognition. However, which approach should employers try?Team-based reward systems have been raised as an issue in work management areas. Many people prefer team-based reward systems to an individual approach. San Diego Business Journal, issued on Oct. 6, 1997, published an article titled Team-Based Productivity Incentive System. This article summarized the ideas that supported the team-based approach. The author, Bob Harrington, opposed the individual reward system. As he stated, individual reward systems create unnecessary competition and reduce cooperation between employees. It also reduces creativity because employees will only do what is necessary to get rewarded. Moreover, Harrington said team-based incentives influence individuals to work well together and cooperate with one another. No longer are employees and management measured purely against financial information. Instead, outstanding performance is based on a combination of items that measure the strategic objectives of the corporation. This paper will see if the team-based incentive systems are the best approach for business environments as Harrington discussed. Medical insurance and educational opportunities, among others are all common benefits in compensation programs for many manufacturers. Many peop le argued that these benefits attract and retain employees, but have little to do with work performance. Some also believe that if these benefits are spread out among workers in general, these kinds of work incentives will not guarantee good performance. Well Pay vs. Sick Pay is an example of how an incentive program reinforces wrong behavior and reduces productivity. Manufacturers with incentive systems that reward employees for achievements and growth can increase their competitiveness and profitability in todays global market. Yes, it is true that organizations need to have incentive systems to satisfy their work force. Team-based incentive systems such as gain sharing, profit sharing, etc., become increasingly popular in work environments. People now are required to work as a team, and altogether help each other to achieve an objective. Your work is my work, and your responsibility is mine. People will become more cohesive as working in a group or a team. Team-based incentives offer several advantages. However, I do not totally agree with Harrington that individual incentive systems do not have any good influence over workers performance. Some people are extremely successful when they work on their own. People, who are raised in an individualistic culture, might not benefit from working in a group. So, individual incentive systems do play an important role in increasing a work forces productivity as long as the employers know how to use this reinforcement system properly. If organizations set a standard to measure individual achievement and reward that individual on what he (she) perform, then, the individual incentive system might work as well as the team-based one. Moreover, managers need to realize that team-based incentive systems might cause Social Loafing effect in the work force the tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually (Robbins, 260). Motivations are necessary in a working environment to increase the productivity of the work force. Reward systems must create a win-win situation for employees and employers. Team-based incentive systems might work very well and are a preferred process for many organizations in todays work market; however, managers should adopt individual incentive systems in many cases, when employees are more skillful, efficient, and effective as working individually. The major purpose of the incentive system is to motivate and organize employees.

Model For Data Mining Project Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Model For Data Mining Project. Answer: Introduction: One of the significant elements that should be searched for in a data mining application is to determine the reason for which the study is implemented. Data mining is utilized for proliferation of novel forms of knowledge from the existing business knowledge. The existing process model for data mining is reliant on the use of CRISP-DM reference model and the life cycle of the data mining project involves the distinct phases involved in the project, the relevant tasks involved in the phases and the interrelationship between the different tasks. Relationships among the different tasks in a data mining project are profoundly dependent on the goals as well the background of the data mining project and the significance of the data to the user (Bhattacharyya, 2015). From the perspective of a data mining consultant, the illustration of this report could provide credible insights for the AIH in determination of problem areas that could result in failure of its initiative known as, We can pay you to study now. The foremost process involved in the data mining process is business understanding which emphasizes on comprehending the project objectives and the requirements from the perspective of a business. Business understanding could also be apprehended as the comprehension of the business about its background and objectives (Fleisher Bensoussan, 2015). The business understanding process is also associated with translation of information related to project objectives and requirements into the definition of a data mining problem. The data understanding process follows the business understanding process which involves collection of initial data present in the existing database of the institution. Data understanding provides insights into the data and the quality issues that could be identified in the student information. The data preparation tasks are required to be performed multiple times involving the transformation of the existing data into a new format. The following stage of the business understanding refers to modelling which could be realized in the case of AIH through establishing specific parameters according to optimal values. Evaluation stage in the business understanding could be associated with the review of the models capacity to address business objectives of AIH (Foorthuis Brinkkemper, 2015). The results obtained from the data mining model should be reviewed in terms of their application in context of the business objectives. The final stage of business understanding would involve deployment which refers to the organization of the data and representing in a feasible manner to the institution. The deployment stage should be executed by the institute as they have to define approaches that could help them in aligning the data mining model for accomplishing business objectives (Gandhi Armstrong, 2016). The concerned case of initiative followed by AIH would involve the final outcome in the form of a report presented to the top management by data mining analyst. The report would comprise of the recommendations for the top management to adopt a repetitive data mining process in order to ensure sustainable operations of the We can pay you to study now initiative. The different processes of business understanding include determining business objectives, assessment of situation, establishing data mining objectives and presenting a project plan. In order to devise a data mining project for the initiative of AIH to provide financial assistance to students undertaking degree courses in the institution, the institute should consider it as a technological advantage that could ensure feasibility of the initiative (Jenkins Williamson, 2015). Business objectives: The data mining process must initiate with an interpretation of the background for the project. In this case, the background of the data mining process is vested in the novel initiative of AIH College to provide financial help to the students without depending on financial support from the government. The institution intends to devise new financial programs with existing financial institutions. Therefore, AIH has devised a set of objectives which must be reviewed in the initial stages of the business understanding process (Jain Srivastava, 2013). The perception of the business objectives involves determination of problem area, describing the primary objective of AIH and the success criteria that determine the extent to which the project would ensure successful outcomes from the perspective of the client. The problem areas which could be observed in the case of AIH could be observed in business development and marketing. The problem could be described generally in terms of the impact of the uncertainties and risks pertaining to financial aspects. The organization does not have an existing data mining framework to acquire information related to students and potential market research that could provide insights into the feasibility of the initiative (Khan et al., 2014). The primary motivation for the project could also be characterized as a prerequisite for the project and can be observed in encouraging higher enrolments in the various courses and degrees provided at AIH. The target group that must be identified for the project result include the management of AIH and the financial institutions with which the college intends to develop the new financial programs. The expectations of the users from the project include references to the information related to market demographics and student information. The market demographics data mining would provide the institution with a clear impression of the specific market segments in which the institute has acquire substantial enrolments (Larose, 2014). The data mining of student information would also provide an illustration of the performance of students and observe the degrees or courses in which the college has acquired higher enrolments thereby providing an interpretation of the marketing potential of different courses provided by the institute. The business objectives that could be perceived from the perspective of the client refer to improving student enrolment; provide financial assistance for students to ensure their academic fees and living expenses (Witten et al., 2016). The primary business objective could be identified in improving student enrolments which would promote its marketing potential. The secondary objectives could be identified in provision of financial aid to students for their living and study. AIH intends to facilitate a new opportunity to students for higher academic involvement through the provision of financial assistance. The financial aid provided to students would also ensure their minimal involvement in jobs during academic semesters thereby indicating the explicit improvement of academic performance. The success criteria that could be presented in context of the data mining project from the business perspective would be in the increased student enrolments and financial performance of the institution. The specific business success criteria that could be identified for AIH include the improvement of enrolment rate by 30% which is subject to evaluation by the top management of the institution. The financial performance of the business could also be assumed as a specific business criteria which can be identified by the extent to which loss in terms of interest on the capital provided to students is offset by improvement in the marketing image of AIH as well as enrolments (Zhao, 2015). Assess situation: Inventory of resources: The resources available to the data mining project for AIH could be identified in terms of the computing resources, software, personnel and data which have to be illustrated explicitly in context of this report. The inventory of resources would imply references to the personnel such as data mining personnel that would be involved in the process of data mining for AIH. The data aspect of resources in context of this project includes references to the access to operational data related to student enrolments and the revenue earned l enrolments (Foorthuis Brinkkemper, 2015). The computing resources that are available in context of the existing situation would be observed in terms of the hardware resources in the institution for maintaining database of student information. Sources of data and knowledge: The data sources that could be identified in context of the data mining project involve written documentation and the information stored in the institutional database. The knowledge sources for implementing the data mining project would also be observed in the availability of tools and techniques as well as background knowledge pertaining to the intended initiative of AIH to provide financial assistance to students. The type of data source in the case of AIH is written documentation which can be identified in the paperwork completed by students during enrolment. The market information related to AIH could also be accounted as another data source. The online sources pertaining to the data mining process could also be accounted as a valid knowledge source. The information related to successful examples of implementation of data mining could also be accounted as viable knowledge sources (Gandhi Armstrong, 2016). The tools and techniques that could be implemented in context of AIH for acquiring data involve market research reports and demographic analysis. Information in context of the accounts of AIH could also be considered as credible type of data source that can be implemented in the data mining process. The formal description of the background would involve references to the availability of information related to standard models of data mining through the secondary information. Requirements, assumptions and constraints: The project would be executed over the course of a week which could be used to describe the schedule of completion. The individual stages of the business understanding in data mining have to be understood distinctly in order to allocate the time required for completion. The schedule of the project can be presented in the form of a chart as follows. Stage of the project Day1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7 Business understanding Data understanding Data preparation Modelling Evaluation Deployment The quality of the results and the interpretation of their application in context of AIH could be based on the assumptions made regarding data. The existing data available for the project in terms of student information could be assumed as sources which have not been updated. Data obtained from the online sources pertaining to the basics of data mining and the examples of successful cases of data mining projects as well as standard data mining packages could be accounted as checkable assumptions that could be reviewed during the process of data mining on the basis of data quality (Jain Srivastava, 2013). The business related assumptions could be observed in the intended outcomes from the project such as improvement of the marketing image of AIH which could be possible through the initiative. This can be considered as a non-checkable assumption since the initiative for providing financial assistance to students could be related to the marketing potential of the institution. The constraints which are involved in case of AIH include the lack of resources for implementing the project alongside the minimal timeframe allocated for completion of the project (Gandhi Armstrong, 2016). The prominent constraints are observed in the data understanding process which was subject to issues related to perception of quality of the data. The ethical constraints established in context of the data mining project are observed in the lack of access to information related to personal background of students. The legal constraints involved in the project could be observed in the form of limitations on the information sharing privileges of the institute with the involved financial organizations. The risks that could be identified in context of the project could be classified into different categories such as business risks, financial risks, technical risks and organizational risks. The business risks posed for the project involve the possibilities of irrelevance of the data mining outcomes for the objectives of AIH. Therefore the contingency plan that could be presented to address this risk would be vested in selected of optimal parameters for data organization. The organizational risk that can be observed in context of this case study refers to probabilities of resistance from institution management on the basis of ambiguities related to funding for the additional project (Bhattacharyya, 2015). The contingency plan for the organizational risk refers to communication of data mining as a source of competitive advantage to the management and informing them about the test outcomes of data mining in AIH. The data risks are also identified in context of lesser quality which can be addressed through research and reorganization of the data. Data mining goals: The data mining goals could be described in the form of expected outputs from the project which affect the business objectives. The data mining goals refer to the identification of the share of individuals that have a degree in a specific population and the success degree of students in AIH. The success of students in academic performance at AIH could be integrated as a viable data to identify the institutions ability to project its marketing image. The demographic classification of students could also be accounted as a data mining goal in context of this project. This objective would be helpful for AIH to determine the market segments belonging to lower income class thereby acquiring an interpretation of the potential market for AIH. References Bhattacharyya, S.C., 2015. 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